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<title>Alpine Linux</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Alpine Linux</span></span>

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</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #e0e0e0;">Alpine Linux</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Alpine Linux development team</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">OS family</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> (<a href="Unix-like" title="Unix-like">Unix-like</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Working state</th><td class="infobox-data">Active</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Source model</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">Open source</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data">August 2005<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2005-08</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-sf-history_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sf-history-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Latest release</a></th><td class="infobox-data">3.22.0<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-8cc182ef6d4ded688c63f746e59905887a7e23ab-v20_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-8cc182ef6d4ded688c63f746e59905887a7e23ab-v20-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> / 30 May 2025<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">30 May 2025</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Repository_(version_control)" title="Repository (version control)">Repository</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">

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</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gitlab.alpinelinux.org/">gitlab<wbr>.alpinelinux<wbr>.org</a></span> </li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Marketing target</th><td class="infobox-data">General-purpose. Security, embedded systems and other resource-constrained systems, such as containers.<sup id="cite_ref-about_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-about-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Available in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Multilingualism" title="Multilingualism">Multilingual</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Package_manager" title="Package manager">Package manager</a></th><td class="infobox-data">APK <i>(Alpine Package Keeper)</i><sup id="cite_ref-apk_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apk-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Supported platforms</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist">

<li><a href="ARMhf" class="mw-redirect" title="ARMhf">ARMhf</a></li>

<li><a href="AArch64" title="AArch64">AArch64</a></li>

<li><a href="LoongArch" class="mw-redirect" title="LoongArch">LoongArch</a></li>

<li><a href="RISC-V" title="RISC-V">riscv64</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Kernel_(operating_system)" title="Kernel (operating system)">Kernel</a> type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Monolithic_kernel" title="Monolithic kernel">Monolithic</a> (<a href="Linux_kernel" title="Linux kernel">Linux</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="User_space_and_kernel_space" title="User space and kernel space">Userland</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="BusyBox" title="BusyBox">BusyBox</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="User_interface" title="User interface">Default<br>user interface</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Almquist_shell#Embedded_Linux" title="Almquist shell">Ash</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Official website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alpinelinux.org">alpinelinux<wbr>.org</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p><b>Alpine Linux</b> is a <a href="Linux_distribution" title="Linux distribution">Linux distribution</a> designed to be small, simple, and secure.<sup id="cite_ref-about_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-about-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It uses <a href="Musl" title="Musl">musl</a>, <a href="BusyBox" title="BusyBox">BusyBox</a>, and <a href="OpenRC" title="OpenRC">OpenRC</a> instead of the more commonly used <a href="Glibc" title="Glibc">glibc</a>, <a href="GNU_Core_Utilities" title="GNU Core Utilities">GNU Core Utilities</a>, and <a href="Systemd" title="Systemd">systemd</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-linuxbsdos_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-linuxbsdos-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-softpedia_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-softpedia-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-fossbytes_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fossbytes-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-networkworld_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-networkworld-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This makes Alpine one of few Linux distributions not to be based on the GNU Core Utilities or glibc.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>For security, Alpine compiles all <a href="User_space" class="mw-redirect" title="User space">user-space</a> binaries as <a href="Position-independent_executable" class="mw-redirect" title="Position-independent executable">position-independent executables</a> with <a href="Stack-smashing_protection" class="mw-redirect" title="Stack-smashing protection">stack-smashing protection</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Because of its small size and rapid startup, it is commonly used in <a href="Operating-system-level_virtualization" class="mw-redirect" title="Operating-system-level virtualization">containers</a> providing quick boot-up times,<sup id="cite_ref-thenewstack_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thenewstack-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-infoworld_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-infoworld-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on <a href="Virtual_machine" title="Virtual machine">virtual machines</a> as well as on real hardware in <a href="Embedded_system" title="Embedded system">embedded devices</a>, such as <a href="Router_(computing)" title="Router (computing)">routers</a>, <a href="Server_(computing)" title="Server (computing)">servers</a> and <a href="Network-attached_storage" title="Network-attached storage">NAS</a>.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

<p>Originally, Alpine Linux began as an embedded-first distribution for devices such as <a href="Wireless_router" title="Wireless router">wireless routers</a>, based on <a href="Gentoo_Linux" title="Gentoo Linux">Gentoo Linux</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> inspired by <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">

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</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Gentoo Network Appliance Project">GNAP</span> and the Bering-uClibc branch of the <a href="LEAF_Project" title="LEAF Project">LEAF Project</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-sf-history_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sf-history-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Founder Natanael Copa has said that the name was chosen as a <a href="Backronym" title="Backronym">backronym</a> for "A Linux-Powered Network Engine" or some such similar phrase, but that the exact phrase has since been forgotten.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Alpine's <a href="Package_management" class="mw-redirect" title="Package management">package management</a> system, the Alpine Package Keeper (apk),<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-apk_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apk-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was originally a collection of <a href="Shell_script" title="Shell script">shell scripts</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but was later rewritten in <a href="C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The aim of this package manager is to achieve a high install and update speed, which it does by writing new data directly in-place into the operating system's <a href="File_system" title="File system">file system</a>, rather than employing <a href="Cache_(computing)" title="Cache (computing)">caching</a> or <a href="Data_compression" title="Data compression">compression</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In 2014, Alpine Linux switched from <a href="UClibc" title="UClibc">uClibc</a> to <a href="Musl" title="Musl">musl</a> as its <a href="C_standard_library" title="C standard library">C standard library</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>A <a href="Executable-space_protection#PaX" title="Executable-space protection">PaX</a> hardened kernel was included in the default distribution to aid in reducing the impact of exploits and vulnerabilities,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but Alpine's maintainers chose to discontinue this support due to the PaX patch no longer being made publicly available.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alpine still uses a <a href="Hardening_(computing)" title="Hardening (computing)">hardened</a> toolchain and position-independent executables to minimize the potential for <a href="Buffer_overflow" title="Buffer overflow">stack-based attacks</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but is now based on the standard long term stable distribution of the Linux kernel.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Features">Features</h2></div>

<p>Alpine's primary feature is its small size, which enables it to start quickly and run in environments very low in memory and storage, such as <a href="OS-level_virtualization" title="OS-level virtualization">containers</a> or <a href="Embedded_system" title="Embedded system">embedded devices</a>.

</p><p>Alpine Linux can optionally be installed as a <a href="RAM_drive" title="RAM drive">run-from-RAM</a> operating system. This allows Alpine to work reliably in demanding embedded environments or to (temporarily) survive partial disk failures as sometimes experienced in public cloud environments. By default, Alpine running in this mode will only load a few key packages, but a tool called <i>LBU</i> (Alpine Local Backup)<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is made available that allow changes in this boot configuration to be written to a special file called an APK overlay file (usually shortened to <i>apkovl</i>), a <a href="Tar.gz" class="mw-redirect" title="Tar.gz">tar.gz</a> file that by default stores a copy of all files in /etc that have been changed from the default configuration, with the option to track more directories as needed.

</p><p>Alpine offers a number of preinstalled configuration scripts which guide the user through initial configuration of the system for common computing tasks.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, Alpine also offers a <a href="Web_server" title="Web server">webserver</a>-based tool known as the Alpine Configuration Framework, which allows users less familiar with Alpine or the command line to configure the operating system in a way similar to that allowed by <a href="Debian" title="Debian">Debian's</a> <a href="Debconf_(software_package)" class="mw-redirect" title="Debconf (software package)">debconf</a> utility. Alpine's configuration scripts are written entirely as UNIX <a href="Shell_script" title="Shell script">shell scripts</a>, which call a small <a href="Optical_disc_image" title="Optical disc image">ISO image</a> parsing utility written in C and distributed in Alpine. The Alpine Configuration Framework is scripted in <a href="Lua_(programming_language)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lua (programming language)">Lua</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Integration_with_popular_developer_and_administrator_environments">Integration with popular developer and administrator environments</h3></div>

<p>Due to its robustness and compactness, Alpine Linux is tightly integrated with popular developer and system administrator environments and toolsets.

</p>

<ul><li><a href="Microsoft_Store" title="Microsoft Store">Microsoft Store</a> offers a deployment-ready version of Alpine WSL<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for <a href="Windows_Subsystem_for_Linux" title="Windows Subsystem for Linux">WSL2</a></li>

<li><a href="Docker_(software)" title="Docker (software)">Docker</a> offers official images of Alpine Linux<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>

<li><a href="PowerShell" title="PowerShell">Microsoft PowerShell</a> provides an Alpine Linux specific build<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Derivatives">Derivatives</h2></div>

<p><a href="PostmarketOS" title="PostmarketOS">postmarketOS</a>, a Linux distribution for <a href="Linux_for_mobile_devices" title="Linux for mobile devices">mobile devices</a>, is based on Alpine Linux.<sup id="cite_ref-postmarketOS_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-postmarketOS-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References_and_notes">References and notes</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sourceforge.net/p/leaf/mailman/message/12731159/">"Re: [leaf-devel] 2.6.x kernel support?"</a>. <i>SourceForge</i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-wikidata-8cc182ef6d4ded688c63f746e59905887a7e23ab-v20-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-8cc182ef6d4ded688c63f746e59905887a7e23ab-v20_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.alpinelinux.org/posts/Alpine-3.22.0-released.html">"Alpine 3.22.0 released"</a>. 30 May 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2025</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-about-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-about_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-about_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alpinelinux.org/about/">"about | Alpine Linux"</a>. <i>alpinelinux.org</i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-apk-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-apk_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-apk_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Alpine_Package_Keeper">"Alpine Package Keeper"</a>. <i>wiki.alpinelinux.org</i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-linuxbsdos-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-linuxbsdos_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFsays2010" class="citation web cs1">says, GigaTux (24 August 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linuxbsdos.com/2010/08/23/alpine-linux-2-review/">"Alpine Linux 2 review | LinuxBSDos.com"</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-softpedia-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-softpedia_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.softpedia.com/news/security-oriented-alpine-linux-3-7-has-uefi-support-grub-support-in-installer-518820.shtml">Security-Oriented Alpine Linux 3.7 Has UEFI Support, GRUB Support in Installer</a>, <i>Softpedia News</i></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-fossbytes-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fossbytes_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fossbytes.com/secure-linux-distros-privacy-anonymity/">10 Most Secure Linux Distros For Complete Privacy & Anonymity | 2017 Edition</a>, <i>FossBytes</i></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-networkworld-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-networkworld_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFNoyes2016" class="citation web cs1">Noyes, Katherine (9 February 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.networkworld.com/article/3031762/is-docker-ditching-ubuntu-linux-confusion-reigns.html">"Is Docker ditching Ubuntu Linux? Confusion reigns"</a>. <i>Network World</i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/OpenRC">"OpenRC - Alpine Linux"</a>. <i>wiki.alpinelinux.org</i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techtarget.com/searchitoperations/definition/Alpine-Linux">"What is Alpine Linux? | Definition from TechTarget"</a>. <i>IT Operations</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alpinelinux.org/about/">"Alpine Linux official website under Secure section"</a>. <i>alpinelinux.org/</i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-thenewstack-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-thenewstack_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thenewstack.io/alpine-linux-heart-docker/">"Meet Alpine Linux, Docker's Distribution of Choice for Containers"</a>. 28 March 2017.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-infoworld-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-infoworld_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.infoworld.com/article/3206644/review-alpine-linux-is-made-for-docker.html">"Review: Alpine Linux is made for Docker"</a>. <i>InfoWorld</i>. 10 July 2017.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sourceforge.net/p/leaf/mailman/message/12731262/">"Re: [leaf-devel] 2.6.x kernel support?"</a>. <i>SourceForge</i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-:0-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sIG2P9k6EjA"><i>Small, Simple, and Secure: Alpine Linux under the Microscope</i></a>, 3 November 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2023</span></cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sourceforge.net/projects/apk-tools/">"apk-tools"</a>. <i>SourceForge</i>. 18 April 2013.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://git.alpinelinux.org/apk-tools/">"apk-tools - Alpine package manager"</a>. <i>git.alpinelinux.org</i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alpinelinux.org/posts/Alpine-3.0.0-released.html">"Release notes"</a>. <i>alpinelinux.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alpinelinux.org/posts/Alpine-3.8.0-released.html">"Alpine 3.8.0 released | Alpine Linux"</a>. <i>alpinelinux.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lists.alpinelinux.org/~alpine/users/%3CCABbU2U-w34QfSGg4wZKxvCoYgtqLRj9Z0SKHipDPNaSdHdBeAQ@mail.gmail.com%3E">"How does Alpine Linux harden its kernel? — alpinelinux lists"</a>. <i>lists.alpinelinux.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Alpine_local_backup">"Alpine local backup - Alpine Linux"</a>. <i>wiki.alpinelinux.org</i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/alpinelinux/alpine-conf"><i>alpine-conf</i></a>, Alpine Linux, 17 June 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2023</span></cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Alpine_Configuration_Framework_Design">"Alpine Configuration Framework Design - Alpine Linux"</a>. <i>wiki.alpinelinux.org</i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apps.microsoft.com/store/detail/alpine-wsl/9P804CRF0395">"Get Alpine WSL from the Microsoft Store"</a>. <i>apps.microsoft.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.docker.com/blog/how-to-use-the-alpine-docker-official-image/">"How to Use the Alpine Docker Official Image | Docker"</a>. <i>www.docker.com</i>. 8 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFsdwheeler2023" class="citation web cs1">sdwheeler (17 March 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/scripting/install/install-alpine">"Installing PowerShell on Alpine Linux - PowerShell"</a>. <i>learn.microsoft.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-postmarketOS-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-postmarketOS_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://postmarketos.org">"postmarketOS // real Linux distribution for phones"</a>. <i>postmarketos.org</i>. 28 April 2022.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div>

<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Not to be confused with the <a href="Apk_(file_format)" title="Apk (file format)">apk file format</a> used by <a href="Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alpinelinux.org">Official website</a></span></span></li></ul>

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</style><div id="Linux_distributions729" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Linux_distribution" title="Linux distribution">Linux distributions</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="LineageOS13" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="LineageOS" title="LineageOS">LineageOS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="CalyxOS" title="CalyxOS">CalyxOS</a></li>

<li><a href="CrDroid" title="CrDroid">CrDroid</a></li>

<li><a href="Iod%C3%A9OS" title="IodéOS">iodéOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Replicant_(operating_system)" title="Replicant (operating system)">Replicant</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div>

<ul><li><a href="Android-x86" title="Android-x86">Android-x86</a></li>

<li><a href="Android-x86#Project_Celadon" title="Android-x86">Celadon</a></li>

<li><a href="ColorOS" title="ColorOS">ColorOS</a></li>

<li><a href="GrapheneOS" title="GrapheneOS">GrapheneOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Paranoid_Android_(operating_system)" title="Paranoid Android (operating system)">Paranoid Android</a></li>

<li><a href="Resurrection_Remix_OS" title="Resurrection Remix OS">Resurrection Remix OS</a></li>

<li><a href="OmniROM" title="OmniROM">OmniROM</a></li>

<li><a href="Xiaomi_HyperOS" title="Xiaomi HyperOS">Xiaomi HyperOS</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Arch_Linux" title="Arch Linux">Arch</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="ArchBang" title="ArchBang">ArchBang</a></li>

<li><a href="Artix_Linux" title="Artix Linux">Artix</a></li>

<li><a href="BlackArch" title="BlackArch">BlackArch</a></li>

<li><a href="EndeavourOS" title="EndeavourOS">EndeavourOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Frugalware_Linux" title="Frugalware Linux">Frugalware</a></li>

<li><a href="Garuda_Linux" title="Garuda Linux">Garuda</a></li>

<li><a href="Hyperbola_GNU/Linux-libre" title="Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre">Hyperbola GNU</a></li>

<li><a href="LinHES" title="LinHES">LinHES</a></li>

<li><a href="Manjaro" title="Manjaro">Manjaro</a></li>

<li><a href="Parabola_GNU/Linux-libre" title="Parabola GNU/Linux-libre">Parabola GNU</a></li>

<li><a href="SteamOS" title="SteamOS">SteamOS</a> (3.0 onwards)</li>

<li><a href="SystemRescue" title="SystemRescue">SystemRescue</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Debian" title="Debian">Debian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ubuntu10" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Ubuntu" title="Ubuntu">Ubuntu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>Official: <a href="Edubuntu" title="Edubuntu">Edubuntu</a></li>

<li><a href="Kubuntu" title="Kubuntu">Kubuntu</a></li>

<li><a href="Lubuntu" title="Lubuntu">Lubuntu</a></li>

<li><a href="Ubuntu_Budgie" title="Ubuntu Budgie">Ubuntu Budgie</a></li>

<li><a href="Ubuntu_Cinnamon" title="Ubuntu Cinnamon">Ubuntu Cinnamon</a></li>

<li><a href="Ubuntu_Kylin" title="Ubuntu Kylin">Ubuntu Kylin</a></li>

<li><a href="Ubuntu_MATE" title="Ubuntu MATE">Ubuntu MATE</a></li>

<li><a href="Ubuntu_Studio" title="Ubuntu Studio">Ubuntu Studio</a></li>

<li><a href="Ubuntu_Unity" title="Ubuntu Unity">Ubuntu Unity</a></li>

<li><a href="Xubuntu" title="Xubuntu">Xubuntu</a></li></ul>

<ul><li>Derivatives: <a href="BackBox" title="BackBox">BackBox</a></li>

<li><a href="Bodhi_Linux" title="Bodhi Linux">Bodhi Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="Elementary_OS" title="Elementary OS">elementary OS</a></li>

<li><a href="Emmabunt%C3%BCs" title="Emmabuntüs">Emmabuntüs</a></li>

<li><a href="Freespire" title="Freespire">Freespire</a></li>

<li><a href="Linux_Lite" title="Linux Lite">Linux Lite</a></li>

<li><a href="Linux_Mint" title="Linux Mint">Linux Mint</a></li>

<li><a href="Peppermint_OS" title="Peppermint OS">Peppermint OS</a></li>

<li><a href="Trisquel" title="Trisquel">Trisquel</a></li>

<li><a href="Ubuntu_Touch" title="Ubuntu Touch">Ubuntu Touch</a></li>

<li><a href="Winux" title="Winux">Winux</a></li>

<li><a href="Zorin_OS" title="Zorin OS">Zorin OS</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div>

<ul><li><a href="AntiX" title="AntiX">antiX</a></li>

<li><a href="Astra_Linux" title="Astra Linux">Astra</a></li>

<li><a href="Bharat_Operating_System_Solutions" title="Bharat Operating System Solutions">Bharat Operating System Solutions</a></li>

<li><a href="BlankOn_Linux" title="BlankOn Linux">BlankOn Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="Commodore_OS" title="Commodore OS">Commodore OS</a></li>

<li><a href="Damn_Small_Linux" title="Damn Small Linux">Damn Small Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="Deepin" title="Deepin">deepin</a></li>

<li><a href="Devuan" title="Devuan">Devuan</a></li>

<li><a href="Elive" title="Elive">Elive</a></li>

<li><a href="Endless_OS" class="mw-redirect" title="Endless OS">Endless OS</a></li>

<li><a href="FreedomBox" title="FreedomBox">FreedomBox</a></li>

<li><a href="Kaisen_Linux" title="Kaisen Linux">Kaisen</a></li>

<li><a href="Kanotix" title="Kanotix">Kanotix</a></li>

<li><a href="Knoppix" title="Knoppix">Knoppix</a></li>

<li><a href="MX_Linux" title="MX Linux">MX Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="Parrot_OS" title="Parrot OS">Parrot OS</a></li>

<li><a href="PureOS" title="PureOS">PureOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Raspberry_Pi_OS" title="Raspberry Pi OS">Raspberry Pi OS</a></li>

<li><a href="SparkyLinux" title="SparkyLinux">SparkyLinux</a></li>

<li><a href="SolydXK" title="SolydXK">SolydXK</a></li>

<li><a href="Tails_(operating_system)" title="Tails (operating system)">Tails</a></li>

<li><a href="Tizen" title="Tizen">Tizen</a></li>

<li><a href="TrueNAS" title="TrueNAS">TrueNAS</a></li>

<li><a href="Whonix" title="Whonix">Whonix</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Fedora_Linux" title="Fedora Linux">Fedora</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="CentOSStream35" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="CentOS_Stream" title="CentOS Stream">CentOS<br>Stream</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="AlmaLinux" title="AlmaLinux">AlmaLinux</a></li>

<li><a href="EulerOS" title="EulerOS">EulerOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Miracle_Linux" title="Miracle Linux">Miracle Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="Oracle_Linux" title="Oracle Linux">Oracle Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux" title="Red Hat Enterprise Linux">Red Hat Enterprise Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="Rocky_Linux" title="Rocky Linux">Rocky Linux</a></li>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div>

<ul><li><a href="Asahi_Linux" title="Asahi Linux">Asahi Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="Bazzite_(operating_system)" title="Bazzite (operating system)">Bazzite</a></li>

<li><a href="Network_Security_Toolkit" title="Network Security Toolkit">Network Security Toolkit</a></li>

<li><a href="Nobara_(operating_system)" title="Nobara (operating system)">Nobara</a></li>

<li><a href="Qubes_OS" title="Qubes OS">Qubes OS</a></li>

<li><a href="Sailfish_OS" title="Sailfish OS">Sailfish OS</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Gentoo_Linux" title="Gentoo Linux">Gentoo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Calculate_Linux" title="Calculate Linux">Calculate Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="ChromiumOS" title="ChromiumOS">ChromiumOS</a> (<a href="ChromeOS" title="ChromeOS">ChromeOS</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Pentoo" title="Pentoo">Pentoo</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Mandrake_Linux" class="mw-redirect" title="Mandrake Linux">Mandrake</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="ALT_Linux" title="ALT Linux">ALT Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="PCLinuxOS" title="PCLinuxOS">PCLinuxOS</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Mandriva_Linux" title="Mandriva Linux">Mandriva</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Mageia" title="Mageia">Mageia</a></li>

<li><a href="OpenMandriva_Lx" title="OpenMandriva Lx">OpenMandriva Lx</a></li>

<li><a href="ROSA_Linux" title="ROSA Linux">ROSA Linux</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Slackware" title="Slackware">Slackware</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Austrumi_Linux" title="Austrumi Linux">Austrumi Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="Porteus_(operating_system)" title="Porteus (operating system)">Porteus</a></li>

<li><a href="Salix_OS" title="Salix OS">Salix OS</a></li>

<li><a href="Zenwalk" title="Zenwalk">Zenwalk</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="SUSE_Linux" class="mw-redirect" title="SUSE Linux">SUSE</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="OpenSUSE" title="OpenSUSE">openSUSE</a>

<ul><li><a href="SUSE_Linux_Enterprise" title="SUSE Linux Enterprise">SUSE Linux Enterprise</a>

<ul><li><a href="Open_Enterprise_Server" title="Open Enterprise Server">Open Enterprise Server</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="GeckoLinux" title="GeckoLinux">GeckoLinux</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="4MLinux" title="4MLinux">4MLinux</a></li>

<li><a href="CHAOS_(operating_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="CHAOS (operating system)">CHAOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Chimera_Linux" title="Chimera Linux">Chimera Linux</a></li>

<ul><li><a href="Kwort_Linux" title="Kwort Linux">Kwort</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="GoboLinux" title="GoboLinux">GoboLinux</a></li>

<li><a href="KaiOS" title="KaiOS">KaiOS</a></li>

<li><a href="NixOS" title="NixOS">NixOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Puppy_Linux" title="Puppy Linux">Puppy</a></li>

<li><a href="Source_Mage" title="Source Mage">Source Mage</a></li>

<li><a href="Solus_(operating_system)" title="Solus (operating system)">Solus</a></li>

<li><a href="Tiny_Core_Linux" title="Tiny Core Linux">Tiny Core Linux</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Discontinued</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="CyanogenMod" title="CyanogenMod">CyanogenMod</a></li>

<li><a href="Cherry_OS_(operating_system)" title="Cherry OS (operating system)">Cherry OS</a></li>

<li><a href="DivestOS" title="DivestOS">DivestOS</a></li>

<li><a href="PixelExperience" title="PixelExperience">PixelExperience</a></li>

<li><a href="Remix_OS" title="Remix OS">Remix OS</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Arch_Linux" title="Arch Linux">Arch</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="ArchLabs" title="ArchLabs">ArchLabs</a></li>

<li><a href="Antergos" title="Antergos">Antergos</a></li>

<li><a href="Chakra_(operating_system)" title="Chakra (operating system)">Chakra</a></li></ul>

<ul><li>Ubuntu: <a href="Asturix" title="Asturix">Asturix</a></li>

<li><a href="Black_Lab_Linux" title="Black Lab Linux">Black Lab Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="Cub_Linux" title="Cub Linux">Cub Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="Gobuntu" title="Gobuntu">Gobuntu</a></li>

<li><a href="Linux_Caixa_M%C3%A1gica" title="Linux Caixa Mágica">Linux Caixa Mágica</a></li>

<li><a href="LinuxTLE" title="LinuxTLE">LinuxTLE</a></li>

<li><a href="LXLE_Linux" title="LXLE Linux">LXLE Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="Pinguy_OS" title="Pinguy OS">Pinguy OS</a></li>

<li><a href="Sabily" title="Sabily">Sabily</a></li>

<li><a href="Ubuntu_GNOME" title="Ubuntu GNOME">Ubuntu GNOME</a></li></ul>

<ul><li>Other derivatives: <a href="BackTrack" title="BackTrack">BackTrack</a></li>

<li><a href="Corel_Linux" title="Corel Linux">Corel Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="CrunchBang_Linux" title="CrunchBang Linux">CrunchBang Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="DoudouLinux" title="DoudouLinux">DoudouLinux</a></li>

<li><a href="Dreamlinux" title="Dreamlinux">Dreamlinux</a></li>

<li><a href="Feather_Linux" class="mw-redirect" title="Feather Linux">Feather Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="GNewSense" title="GNewSense">gNewSense</a></li>

<li><a href="HandyLinux" title="HandyLinux">HandyLinux</a></li>

<li><a href="Libranet" title="Libranet">Libranet</a></li>

<li><a href="Musix_GNU%2BLinux" title="Musix GNU+Linux">Musix GNU+Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="Parsix" title="Parsix">Parsix</a></li>

<li><a href="SteamOS" title="SteamOS">SteamOS</a> (1.0–2.0)</li>

<li><a href="Sunwah_Linux" title="Sunwah Linux">Sunwah Linux</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Gentoo_Linux" title="Gentoo Linux">Gentoo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Container_Linux" title="Container Linux">Container Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="Sabayon_Linux" title="Sabayon Linux">Sabayon Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="XB_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="XB Machine">xB Machine</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Red_Hat_Linux" title="Red Hat Linux">Red Hat</a>,<br><a href="Fedora_Linux" title="Fedora Linux">Fedora</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="BLAG_Linux_and_GNU" title="BLAG Linux and GNU">BLAG Linux and GNU</a></li>

<li><a href="CentOS" title="CentOS">CentOS</a></li>

<li><a href="ClearOS" title="ClearOS">ClearOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Linpus_Linux" title="Linpus Linux">Linpus Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="Korora_(operating_system)" title="Korora (operating system)">Korora</a></li>

<li><a href="Linux_for_PlayStation_2" title="Linux for PlayStation 2">Linux for PlayStation 2</a></li>

<li><a href="Scientific_Linux" title="Scientific Linux">Scientific Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="Red_Hat_Linux" title="Red Hat Linux">Red Hat Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="Rocks_Cluster_Distribution" title="Rocks Cluster Distribution">Rocks Cluster Distribution</a></li>

<li><a href="Think_Blue_Linux" title="Think Blue Linux">Think Blue Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="Turbolinux" title="Turbolinux">Turbolinux</a></li>

<li><a href="Vine_Linux" title="Vine Linux">Vine Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="Yellow_Dog_Linux" title="Yellow Dog Linux">Yellow Dog Linux</a></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Absolute_Linux" title="Absolute Linux">Absolute Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="BioSLAX" title="BioSLAX">BioSLAX</a></li>

<li><a href="Damn_Vulnerable_Linux" title="Damn Vulnerable Linux">Damn Vulnerable Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="KateOS" title="KateOS">KateOS</a></li>

<li><a href="Kongoni_(operating_system)" title="Kongoni (operating system)">Kongoni</a></li>

<li><a href="NimbleX" title="NimbleX">NimbleX</a></li>

<li><a href="Platypux" title="Platypux">Platypux</a></li>

<li><a href="TopologiLinux" title="TopologiLinux">TopologiLinux</a></li>

<li><a href="VectorLinux" title="VectorLinux">VectorLinux</a></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="SUSE_Studio" title="SUSE Studio">SUSE Studio</a> Express</li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Caldera_OpenLinux" title="Caldera OpenLinux">Caldera OpenLinux</a></li>

<li><a href="Clear_Linux_OS" title="Clear Linux OS">Clear Linux OS</a></li>

<li><a href="DemoLinux" title="DemoLinux">DemoLinux</a></li>

<li><a href="Dragora_GNU/Linux-Libre" title="Dragora GNU/Linux-Libre">Dragora</a></li>

<li><a href="Familiar_Linux" title="Familiar Linux">Familiar Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="Firefox_OS" title="Firefox OS">Firefox OS</a>

<li><a href="Floppyfw" title="Floppyfw">Floppyfw</a></li>

<li><a href="Foresight_Linux" title="Foresight Linux">Foresight Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="Immunix" title="Immunix">Immunix</a></li>

<li><a href="Jurix" title="Jurix">Jurix</a></li>

<li><a href="Linux_Router_Project" title="Linux Router Project">Linux Router Project</a></li>

<li><a href="MCC_Interim_Linux" title="MCC Interim Linux">MCC Interim Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="MeeGo" title="MeeGo">MeeGo</a>

<li><a href="Mobilinux" title="Mobilinux">Mobilinux</a></li>

<li><a href="Nitix" title="Nitix">Nitix</a></li>

<li><a href="OpenELEC" title="OpenELEC">OpenELEC</a></li>

<li><a href="Softlanding_Linux_System" title="Softlanding Linux System">Softlanding Linux System</a></li>

<li><a href="Splashtop_OS" title="Splashtop OS">Splashtop OS</a></li>

<li><a href="Turkix" title="Turkix">Turkix</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"></span> <a href="Comparison_of_Linux_distributions" title="Comparison of Linux distributions">Comparison</a></li>

<li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"></span> </span><a href="Portal%3ALinux" title="Portal:Linux">Linux portal</a></li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Linux634" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Linux634" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Linux_kernel" title="Linux kernel">Linux kernel</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="History_of_Linux" title="History of Linux">History</a></li>

<li><a href="Linus's_law" title="Linus's law">Linus's law</a></li>

<li><a href="Linux-libre" title="Linux-libre">Linux-libre</a></li>

<li><a href="Booting_process_of_Linux" title="Booting process of Linux">Booting process</a></li>

<li><a href="Linux_kernel_oops" title="Linux kernel oops">Kernel oops</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Controversies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Criticism_of_Linux" title="Criticism of Linux">Criticism of Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="Criticism_of_desktop_Linux" title="Criticism of desktop Linux">Criticism of desktop Linux</a></li>

<li><a href="GNU/Linux_naming_controversy" title="GNU/Linux naming controversy">GNU/Linux naming controversy</a></li>

<li><a href="Tanenbaum%E2%80%93Torvalds_debate" title="Tanenbaum–Torvalds debate">Tanenbaum–Torvalds debate</a></li>

<li><a href="SCO%E2%80%93Linux_disputes" title="SCO–Linux disputes">SCO and Linux</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Linux_distribution" title="Linux distribution">Distributions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Comparison_of_Linux_distributions" title="Comparison of Linux distributions">General comparison</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Linux_distributions" title="List of Linux distributions">Distributions list</a></li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_netbook-oriented_Linux_distributions" title="Comparison of netbook-oriented Linux distributions">Netbook-specific comparison</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Linux_distributions_that_run_from_RAM" title="List of Linux distributions that run from RAM">Distributions that run from RAM</a></li>

<li><a href="Light-weight_Linux_distribution" class="mw-redirect" title="Light-weight Linux distribution">Lightweight</a></li>

<li><a href="Security-focused_operating_system#Linux" title="Security-focused operating system">Security-focused operating system</a></li>

<li><a href="Package_manager" title="Package manager">Package manager</a>

<ul><li><a href="Package_format" title="Package format">Package format</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_software_package_management_systems" title="List of software package management systems">List of software package managers</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="LinuxChix" title="LinuxChix">LinuxChix</a></li>

<li><a href="Linux_Counter" title="Linux Counter">Linux Counter</a></li>

<li><a href="Linux_Documentation_Project" title="Linux Documentation Project">Linux Documentation Project</a></li>

<li><a href="Linux_Foundation" title="Linux Foundation">Linux Foundation</a></li>

<li><a href="Linux_Mark_Institute" title="Linux Mark Institute">Linux Mark Institute</a></li>

<li><a href="Linux_user_group" title="Linux user group">Linux User Group (LUG)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Linux_adoption" title="Linux adoption">Adoption</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="List_of_Linux_adopters" title="List of Linux adopters">Adopters</a></li>

<li><a href="Linux_desktop_environments" class="mw-redirect" title="Linux desktop environments">Desktop</a></li>

<li><a href="Linux_on_embedded_systems" title="Linux on embedded systems">Embedded</a></li>

<li><a href="Linux_gaming" class="mw-redirect" title="Linux gaming">Gaming</a></li>

<li><a href="Linux_for_mobile_devices" title="Linux for mobile devices">Mobile</a></li>

<li><a href="Linux_range_of_use" title="Linux range of use">Range of use</a></li>

<li><a href="Linux_malware" title="Linux malware">Linux malware</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="DistroWatch" title="DistroWatch">DistroWatch</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Free_Software_Magazine" title="Free Software Magazine">Free Software Magazine</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Full_Circle_(magazine)" title="Full Circle (magazine)">Full Circle</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Linux.com" title="Linux.com">Linux.com</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Linux_Format" title="Linux Format">Linux Format</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Linux_Gazette" title="Linux Gazette">Linux Gazette</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Linux_Journal" title="Linux Journal">Linux Journal</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Linux_Magazine" title="Linux Magazine">Linux Magazine</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="LinuxUser" title="LinuxUser">LinuxUser</a></i>

<ul><li><i><a href="Ubuntu_User" title="Ubuntu User">Ubuntu User</a></i></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Linux_Outlaws" title="Linux Outlaws">Linux Outlaws</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Linux_Voice" title="Linux Voice">Linux Voice</a></i></li>

<li><a href="LugRadio" title="LugRadio">LugRadio</a></li>

<li><a href="Phoronix_Test_Suite#Phoronix_website" title="Phoronix Test Suite">Phoronix</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Revolution_OS" title="Revolution OS">Revolution OS</a></i></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="List_of_computer_security_certifications" title="List of computer security certifications">Security<br>certifications</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="CompTIA_Linux%2B" class="mw-redirect" title="CompTIA Linux+">CompTIA Linux+</a></li>

<li><a href="Linux_Foundation_Linux_Certification" class="mw-redirect" title="Linux Foundation Linux Certification">Linux Foundation</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"></span> </span><a href="Portal%3ALinux" title="Portal:Linux">Linux portal</a></b></li>

<li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span> </span><a href="Portal%3AFree_and_open-source_software" title="Portal:Free and open-source software">Free and open-source software portal</a></b></li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> <b>Category</b></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Linux_package_management_systems1013" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Linux_package_management_systems1013" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Linux <a href="Package_manager" title="Package manager">package management systems</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Dpkg" title="Dpkg">dpkg</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="KPackage" title="KPackage">KPackage</a></li>

<li><a href="Synaptic_(software)" title="Synaptic (software)">Synaptic</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Ubuntu_Software_Center" title="Ubuntu Software Center">Ubuntu Software Center</a></i></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Aptitude_(software)" title="Aptitude (software)">aptitude</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Dselect" class="mw-redirect" title="Dselect">dselect</a></i></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="RPM_Package_Manager" title="RPM Package Manager">RPM</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Urpmi" title="Urpmi">urpmi</a>

<ul><li><a href="Rpmdrake" title="Rpmdrake">Rpmdrake</a></li></ul></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Embedded systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Linux_distribution" title="Linux distribution">Distribution</a>-agnostic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="AppImage" title="AppImage">AppImage</a></li>

<li><a href="Flatpak" title="Flatpak">Flatpak</a></li>

<li><a href="Homebrew_(package_manager)" title="Homebrew (package manager)">Homebrew</a></li>

<li><a href="Pkgsrc" title="Pkgsrc">pkgsrc</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others (binary)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Sabayon_Linux#Package_management" title="Sabayon Linux">Entropy</a></li>

<li><a href="Zenwalk#netpkg" title="Zenwalk">netpkg</a></li>

<li><a href="Arch_Linux#Pacman" title="Arch Linux">pacman</a></li>

<li><a href="Slackpkg" class="mw-redirect" title="Slackpkg">slackpkg</a></li>

<li><a href="Slapt-get" title="Slapt-get">slapt-get</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Swaret" class="mw-redirect" title="Swaret">swaret</a></i></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others (source)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Source_Mage#Compiling" title="Source Mage">Sorcery</a></li>

<li><a href="Portage_(software)" title="Portage (software)">Portage</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Front-ends</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="Autopackage" title="Autopackage">Autopackage</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Listaller" title="Listaller">Listaller</a></li>

<li><a href="PackageKit" title="PackageKit">PackageKit</a>

<ul><li><a href="GNOME_Software" title="GNOME Software">GNOME Software</a></li>

<li><a href="Apper" class="mw-redirect" title="Apper">Apper</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="AppStream" title="AppStream">AppStream</a></li>

<li><a href="Package_format" title="Package format">Package format</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"></span> </span><a href="Portal%3ALinux" title="Portal:Linux">Linux portal</a></b></li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> <b>Category</b></li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Package_management_systems" class="extiw external" title="commons:Package management systems">Commons</a></b><br></li>

<li><i>Italics</i> indicates a discontinued or inactive package management system.</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-06-26" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Alpine_Linux&oldid=1297437008">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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